brown pigment
old hemorrhage in H&E stain
- melanin pigment
- lipofucin
- iron
abnormal pigment
- carbon pigment in the lung, among miners? anthracosis
- hemazoin
normal pigment in abnormal location, melanosis?
giant cell physiological (multi-nucleated)
- secondary to hemorrhage
- endocervical section, Nabothian cyst
- in kidney? myeloma
cytology, pap smear
top eosinophil, deeper layer purple
small trichomonas protozoa - squamous cells with neutrophils stuck on'em, neutrophils signal INFLAMMATION
candida fungus / yeast
gardenella vaginalis - fuzy ones "clue cells" -> bacterial vaginosis
navicular cells
multinucleated, halo around nucleus -> HPV?
lots of pink - estrogen kicked in, 1st 15 days of a month(estrogen), 2nd 15 days of a month(progesterone)
post partum
ASCUS - atypical cell of unknown significance
contaminants of Pap
koilocyte
lots of cytoplasm(low grade)
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Lymphocyte - chronic infection
abscess - pus - neutrophil, debris
multinucleated - neutrophil
one nucleus - histiocyte
herpes - purple grape looking
hyperkeratosis
follicle - follicular cell outside, colloid inside
Multinucleated, Molding, Marginal chromatin => HSV
HSV - 1 cold sore
HSV - 2 genitals
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Endocarditis
- bacterial seeding attached to the valve
septic shock due to open fixation surgery
how coagulation cascade begins
- damage of endothelium of small vesses -> endothelium not intact -> clot -> platelet(decrease)
Normal lung 500 g, but lung 2800 g at autopsy
why big lung ?
- ARDS(acute respiratory distress syndrome)
- pneumonia
- lung edema
IUFD(in utero fetal demise)
hypoplasia - hypoplastic LV
tentorium
Schwannoma
Kaposi's sarcoma
corpectomy
platinum for treatment?
taxol
spindle cell
carcinoid
