Pathology wk 25-28: Subgaleal Hemorrhage, Thyroglossal Duct

Subgaleal hemorrhage or hematoma is bleeding in the potential space between the skull periosteum and the scalp galea aponeurosis.

Newborn Scalp bleeds

Causes

Majority (90%) result from vacuum applied to the head at delivery (Ventouse assisted delivery). Subgaleal hematoma has a high frequency of occurrence of associated head trauma (40%), such as intracranial hemorrhage or skull fracture. The occurrence of these features does not correlate significantly with the severity of subgaleal hemorrhage.

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Rhabdoid Renal Cell Carcinoma
-> cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm, polar

"ectopic" (normal) thyroid tissue in cervical lymph node
=> thyroid carcinoma, not normal thyroid

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Thyroglossal Duct

This is a close-up view of the neck region of the same cadaver. The thyroglossal duct (5) can be seen inferior to the hyoid bone (6) and anterior to the thyroid cartilage (3). The duct connects the thyroid gland (4) inferiorly with the foramen cecum of the tongue (not shown) superiorly. The internal jugular vein (1) and common carotid artery (2) are seen laterally to the thyroid gland.

This duct usually disappears after the thyroid gland reaches its final destination. Sometimes, this duct persists as is shown in this dissection finding. The thyroglossal duct can develop into a pyramidal lobe of the thyroid gland. Remnants of this duct can perist as midline cysts called thyroglossal duct cysts. These can be located anywhere along the migratory path of the thyroid gland but generally have a midline location. Palpation of the cysts as they move up and down during swallowing is one clinical sign of the existence of thyroglossal duct cysts.

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