Before the advent of antibiotics, lymphocytes were associated with TB while plasma cells were associated with syphilis
besides cirrhosis, the pt was HIV positive who was suspected or had hx of upper GI bleed.
ascites may be result of exudate(inflammation) or transudate(caused by osmolarity).
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Bladder transitional epithelium may go metaplasia to form squamous cells. Bladder wash normally shows transitional cells and not too much squamous cells. Uric acid crystal may be present.
trigone of bladder - area in bladder that's normally squamous
Umbrella cells may be present (top of transitional epithelium), may see multinucleation (3 ~ 4 nuclei in one cytoplasm)
When there are clusters of cells (not normally seen in cytology) present, cause may be
1) stone, 2) cancer, 3) instrumentation (barbotage)
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The trigone is a smooth triangular region of the internal urinary bladder formed by the two ureteral orifices and the internal urethral orifice.
The area is very sensitive to expansion and once stretched to a certain degree, the urinary bladder signals the brain of its need to empty. The signals become stronger as the bladder continues to fill.
Umbrella Cell (binucleated), top of transitional epithelium
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barbotage /bar·bo·tage/ (bahr?bo-tahzh´) [Fr.] repeated alternate injection and withdrawal of fluid with a syringe, as in gastric lavage or administration of an anesthetic agent into the subarachnoid space by alternate injection of part of the anesthetic and withdrawal of cerebrospinal fluid into the syringe.
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Uric Acid Crystals
